danfling

Allen Norse played three roles on The Edge of Night - Roger Harper, Roy Cameron, and Joe Pollock #2 He also appeared as Dr. George Richards on The Doctors, Otto Martin on As the World Turns and Sgt. Martin on Another World. I think that he could have played Harlan Tucker on All My Children well.

I do know, Robb, that, at that time in 1979, the actual Dark Shadows set (Collinwood drawing room) was being used on Ryan's Hope. Both shows had been taped in the same studio (although Dark Shadows had briefly used another studio in 1966). The drawing room was reconstructed to be Ryan's Bar. I also occasionally recognized the doors between the drawing room and the foyer used (specifically in Nick Szabo's funeral home). I also know that, at one point, there was a storyline on Ryan's Hope in which Michael Pavel was killed by Rae Woodward (played by Louise Shaffer who had previously played Serena/Josie on The Edge of Night). Rae was to be tried for his murder, and Ryan's Hope had arranged to borrow or to rent a courtroom set from The Edge of Night. The trial storyline, however, was dropped. After the cancellation of Ryan's Hope, the drawing room set that I mentioned was used by One Life to Live. I am almost sure that the grand piano that was used in the drawing room in Collinwood (Dark Shadows) was later the same piano that was in Palmer Courtland's house on All My Children. I did not see too much of the movie storyline on The Edge of Night because our local ABC affiliate dropped the show for about a year in April of 1979. I will try to see the set that you mentioned on YouTube.

Thank you for the correction. I have been ill for almost a year, and memory sometimes confuses things. I am so sorry to hear of the death of the actress, and I am sure that I probably would have enjoyed seeing her in a different role that had behaved differently.

I did not see her as Leslie on The Guiding Light, but I never cared for her when she replaced Geraldine Court on As the World Turns. Maybe if she had played another character (and I know that seducing her sister's husband was a part of the storyline that was written), but I could never stand to watch her. I did, however, enjoy the scenes of the tornado that struck where she was. (Was that the Wade Book Store?)

I am sorry that I could not remember that name. I know that she studied to be a concert pianist at one time, but I don't remember ever hearing her being called by that name.

Joseph, you may perhaps be thinking of Melanie Sawyer. She was the first cousin of Pamela Kingsley, the niece of Brandon Kingsley, and the daughter of Judith Kingsley Sawyer. She was a pupil of Mark Dalton's who dated Dr. Chuck Tyler following his divorce from Donna and prior to his marriage of Carrie Tyler. (Melanie and Carrie were friends.) She and Chuck travelled to Switzerland at the same time that Palmer and Donna were there, and Donna and Chuck conceived Palmer John. Melanie was played by Carol McClure. There is also a harpist named Carol McClure, and I have wondered for years if the two are the same person. The harpist should have known better than to be playing on the wrong side of the keyboard!

David Renaldi (or maybe Reynolds when he first came to Llanview - I cannot remember) came to town as the new conductor of the symphony orchestra. He was also a pianist, but did not perform on that instrument professionally. He may have also composed. I cannot remember who Sonya was. Could someone refresh my memory? Also Delilah Garretson was not ever declared legally dead, so I don't think that Rafe received any divorce settlement money from her estate. She disappeared the first time, and then it was revealed that she had been imprisoned with Bo and Didi in Europe. She returned to Rafe, although her clothing buisness had been ruined by Gabrielle. Did she leave town with Sami and Rafe? I know that she returned in the episode in which all of Asa's living wives appeared. Rafe was anything except plotting. He was hired to keep Olympia by his cousin Asa. I think that Rafe had been told that she was crazed. He probably felt guilty when the truth was revealed and he knew how how he had been used to Asa for dishonorable purposes. I understand that Mr. Meeker now is involved with charitable work to help others. His character was a heroic one who would never have intentionally hurt any other character knowingly.

Guy Davis, who played Dr. Josh Hall #3 on One Life to Live, was nominated for a Grammy award Best Traditional Blues Album. . These were given out today and tonight. He was nominated for the album Be Ready When I Call You. The winner, however, was I Be Trying by artist Cedric Burnside.

This afternoon, I stumbled onto an episode of Silver Spoons. In the cast in a rather prominent role was actor Brian Lima (Little Phillip/Charlie #2 on All My Children). I had not known that he had done any acting after his role on All My Children.

How do the posters here feel about the recast Laurie Hollister Stevens Reddin on The Secret Storm. I love Stephanie Braxton (although I did not like how the show treated Laurie - the "other woman" - as a heroine and did not punisth her for marrying Ken) but I love Linda DeCoff, who created the role. I really prefer Linda DeCoff in the role. (I think that Stephanie Braxton may have been the best of the four actresses to play Tara on All My Children.)

Yes, I have since watched that interview. I was incorrect about when she was first written off. It was earlier than I had thought. In the 1970s, it was not at the time that several members of the Stewart family (Dan, Susan, Liz, Betsy, etc.) were written off. It was later, and she was brought back around the time of the show's expansion in length.

"I know about her being written off in the mid 70's, but not the 60's. Could you please elaborate? Being dropped in the 70's was I think it was at the time that Dan , Susan etc were written off. Annie/Dee were still young teens.So David was at the hospital and it was assumed Ellen was at home with the girls. Then when the show expanded and the girls were aged, Ellen returned. Wonder how Pat felt about being dropped? Obviously, she rolled with it and happily returned." Ellen was dropped from the show's cast in the 1960s after her second marriage to Dr. David Stewart. She was brought back very shortly afterward. She not dropped at the time that Liz, Dan, Susan and Bruce were dropped. She remained on the show. It was about three or four years later that the show stopped showing her again (as it had in the 1960s), but around the time of the expansion to an hour, she returned.

Happy birthday to The Edge of Night/Edge of Night! The show began on April 2, 1956.

She was actually dumped in the 1970s (around 1975 or 1976) and once before that in the 1960s. The actress was NOT used to her full potential very well.

OBITUARY Actor Jeanne Boland Schmidt of ‘Edge of Night’ Was 95 BY THE INDEPENDENT MAR 23, 2022 After a brief illness, Jeanne Ethelwyn Katherine Boland Schmidt died on March 29, 2021 at Hospice by the Sea in Boca Raton, Fla. Her death was confirmed by her daughter Kimberly. She was 95. Because of pandemic-related difficulties in coordinating memorial arrangements, which had been planned for the one-year anniversary of her death, the report of her death was delayed until now. Jeanne Schmidt. Born in Chicago on Feb. 16, 1926, the youngest of four children of Dr. John E. Boland and Ethel Johnson Boland, Jeanne was raised in a rowdy Irish Catholic family. After 12 years at a Catholic convent school, she studied acting at Northwestern University, where she pledged the Tri Delta sorority. She graduated in 1948. Among her friends and classmates were Paul Lynde, Charlotte Rae, and Cloris Leachman. A young Sheldon Harnick wrote her a solo song to perform in the big Waa-Mu musical revue on the Northwestern campus. After graduation, she moved to New York where she acted in numerous early television dramas and soap operas. She married John G. Flack of Bronxville, N.Y. in 1951. Her acting career was put on hold after she was dismissed from a set by the director for “not holding her stomach in.” She was five months pregnant at the time. Divorced with three daughters under five years old to support, Jeanne returned to acting in soap operas, including The Edge of Night. Her marriage to Roger Schmidt in 1961 brought three stepsons and, two years later, a new son. When the family moved from Connecticut back to New York City, Jeanne worked for Mayor Ed Koch in Gracie Mansion as an event planner. Subsequently, she opened a successful art gallery in Easthampton that featured local artists. Her gallery organized benefits for artists with AIDS in the early days of the epidemic. She and Roger traveled widely over the many years of their marriage, including 10 years living in Hawaii, where she supplemented the family income by making commercials. She also swam a half mile in the ocean daily and played tennis well into her 70s. Jeanne was active, courageous, and lucky. She survived the crash of a commercial jetliner in the Caribbean in 1970, and less than a year later she flew to Africa, with help from her purse-sized vodka nips. She went to Haiti as a volunteer with a medical mission when she was 75. Because she “wanted another chapter,” she moved to Provincetown when she was 84. She loved the sea, art, and gay men, who were often her closest friends since college days. Her glamor and sarcastic wit were welcomed in Provincetown. Jeanne volunteered at PAAM, the Tennessee Williams Festival, and the Provincetown Book Festival. She joined St. Mary of the Harbor, where she found a beloved community. She quickly learned to join the locals down at Herring Cove, where she loved watching the sun set over the sea. Jeannie surrounded herself with beauty everywhere she lived. She adored fresh flowers and curated the art on the walls of her home like the gallerist she was. And she walked daily, always taking time to curate her appearance. She was truly happy on the Outer Cape and longed for it after cold winters drove her to Florida. On a sunny day last October, after a sunrise vigil at Captain Jack’s with a small circle of family and friends and many words both reverent and irreverent, Jeanne’s ashes were sailed out to the accompaniment of a New Orleans jazz funeral saxophone and scattered where she wanted to be, off the tip of Long Point, where the great spiral of Cape Cod seems to both begin and end. Seals accompanied the group on their return. Then, at sunset, lit paper lanterns were sent skyward from Herring Cove. She is survived by her daughters, Kimberly Duir of Berkeley and Provincetown, Carey Morning of Edinburgh, Scotland, and Laurel Davis of Charlottesville, Va.; her son, Bradford Schmidt of Jupiter, Fla.; her stepson, Peter Schmidt of Alexandria, Va.; and her grandchildren, Carl and Eric Schmidt, Sophia Davis, Robert Barnes, Irina Prussin, Anya Prussin, Nina Rose Schmidt, Emma Schmidt, Desmond Schmidt, Jack Morning-Newton, and Amos Morning-Newton. Jeanne was predeceased by her sisters, Marilyn Halligan and Shirley Higgins, and her brother, John E. Boland.

That was a great scene! However, several scenes were submitted to the Academy, and no one can definitely state what scene led voters to vote the way that they did.

Actor/writer Paul Vincent appeared on The Edge of Night as Ashley Reynolds. He was also on Dark Shadows and All My Children. A heart-warming and compelling story! (The Magazine Plus Editorial):- Bologna, Italy Mar 21, 2022 (Issuewire.com) – Actor-writer Vincent Romeo has released his latest book titled ‘My Villa in Calabria’, which chronicles his journey through his father’s hometown in Italy and leads him to shocking revelations about his father. A heart-warming and gripping narrative with a dash of sense of humour keeps the readers engaged till the very end. “What seemed to be a fairly simple journey returning his father’s remains for burial to his hometown in the south of Italy spent enjoying all the wonderful art and architecture of Italy took a very different turn as the author began unraveling the mystery of his father,” said Vincent. The book unfolds the story of Tony Romeo, a daytime series actor living in New York City who travels to Italy to honour his mother’s unusual request. The story depicts a strenuous relationship between him and his father, which took a pleasant change after his trip to Italy. Published by Proisle Publishing Service in July 2021, the author has received a lot of admiration for this emotionally charged novel from readers worldwide. The book will next be seen at the Bologna Children’s Book Fair in March 2022. “Bologna is one of the world’s biggest and most prestigious publishing events, and I’m honoured to showcase my book at the fair. This fair holds a special place as it takes place in Italy.” Vincent added. A message that Vincent wants to drive home with this book is ‘travel to achieve an inner change.’ Available on Amazon and Barnes&Noble, the book is gaining popularity among readers. About the Author Vincent Romeo, aka Paul Vincent, is an actor and writer who has appeared in five Broadway productions, many off-Broadway productions, many regional theatre productions. He was “Ashley Reynolds” in The Edge of Night, “Dr. Karl Maynard” in How To Survive Marriage, and “Tony Bisbee” in All My Children. Two of his plays have been produced: The Fig Tree and Duse Died in Pittsburgh. He performs in an autobiographical evening of song and gossipy show business stories on YouTube: Paul Vincent in “An Actor’s Life for Me.” A graduate of the Carnegie-Mellon Drama Department, Vincent was born in Cleveland, Ohio and now resides in New York City.

Paul Vincent appeared on both Dark Shadows and The Edge of Night. A heart-warming and compelling story! (The Magazine Plus Editorial):- Bologna, Italy Mar 21, 2022 (Issuewire.com) – Actor-writer Vincent Romeo has released his latest book titled ‘My Villa in Calabria’, which chronicles his journey through his father’s hometown in Italy and leads him to shocking revelations about his father. A heart-warming and gripping narrative with a dash of sense of humour keeps the readers engaged till the very end. “What seemed to be a fairly simple journey returning his father’s remains for burial to his hometown in the south of Italy spent enjoying all the wonderful art and architecture of Italy took a very different turn as the author began unraveling the mystery of his father,” said Vincent. The book unfolds the story of Tony Romeo, a daytime series actor living in New York City who travels to Italy to honour his mother’s unusual request. The story depicts a strenuous relationship between him and his father, which took a pleasant change after his trip to Italy. Published by Proisle Publishing Service in July 2021, the author has received a lot of admiration for this emotionally charged novel from readers worldwide. The book will next be seen at the Bologna Children’s Book Fair in March 2022. “Bologna is one of the world’s biggest and most prestigious publishing events, and I’m honoured to showcase my book at the fair. This fair holds a special place as it takes place in Italy.” Vincent added. A message that Vincent wants to drive home with this book is ‘travel to achieve an inner change.’ Available on Amazon and Barnes&Noble, the book is gaining popularity among readers. About the Author Vincent Romeo, aka Paul Vincent, is an actor and writer who has appeared in five Broadway productions, many off-Broadway productions, many regional theatre productions. He was “Ashley Reynolds” in The Edge of Night, “Dr. Karl Maynard” in How To Survive Marriage, and “Tony Bisbee” in All My Children. Two of his plays have been produced: The Fig Tree and Duse Died in Pittsburgh. He performs in an autobiographical evening of song and gossipy show business stories on YouTube: Paul Vincent in “An Actor’s Life for Me.” A graduate of the Carnegie-Mellon Drama Department, Vincent was born in Cleveland, Ohio and now resides in New York City. Comment

Was Laura based on the movie Laura with Gene Tierney and Dana Andrews (who later was in the Bright Promise serial)?

She left the show one time and was replaced by Susan Keith. She eventually left again, and I did not know that the show was so mostly enoyable that there was a possiblity that she would have remained on the show. I liked Samantha especially when she was dating Johnny Drummond. Asa was jealous and wanted Samantha for herself, so Asa paid Tina to get with Johnny (Andera Evans' then-husband in real life) and arranged for Samantha to catch them together (and to hopefully run to Asa). And that prompts me to ask a question whose answer I have forgotten: what was the name of Asa's record label on which Becky Lee and Johnny both recorded?

Why did actress Susan Keith depart Another World? Did you choose to leave, or did the show decide to replace her in the role of Cecille?

That article was posted there, but, for some reason, the post was not completed.

I found this article: New General Hospital Spinoffs Could Be Just the Rx for ABC Daytime CURTIS HARDING SUNDAY, MARCH 13TH, 2022 Credit: Jill Johnson/JPI We’ve got just the ideas to revitalize the soap lineup. Back in January, when asked about a potential General Hospital spinoff, ABC bossman Craig Erwich teased that he’s “always open to additional iterations or explorations.” That idea alone was exciting enough, but it got us thinking. What if ABC used spinoffs as a way to revitalize it’s entire soap lineup? And what if they did it in a way to tie in and bring back some elements of their classic sudsers? That idea’s been percolating in our heads for a bit until we got to today. So brace yourself and read on for three potential General Hospital spinoffs that could expand ABC daytime in every direction imaginable. Five Families: The Novaks Above: It’s time we learned how Joey Novak and Ryan’s Hope‘s Joe Novak are really related. Credit: ABC screenshot Our first idea could be both a spinoff and a reboot. A re-off? Spinboot? We all know Sonny isn’t the only mobster in Port Charles, and the Corinthos family is just one of many (five, to be exact). So why not have a spinoff following another of the Five Families: The Five Points Gang! Now, we don’t know that General Hospital has ever explicitly tied the Five Points’ Novak family to the Ryan’s Hope Novaks. But when Port Charles has a mobster named “Joey Novak” and Manhattan had a mobster named “Joe Novak,” we think it’s a safe bet there’s a strong link there. This spinoff, though, could be more like a Godfather epic than General Hospital and have a split storyline between the past and the present. It could explore how the Novaks came to spread out from New York to Port Charles and become one of the top families. And the best part is that it could have loads of ties and characters from Ryan’s Hope, both in the past and present. Bring back old characters to clash with the Five Points family and establish new connections. Delia Ryan, for instance, once lost her business to the original Joe Novak. Maybe she still holds a grudge that she wants to set straight now that she has her own mob ties in the family. It could be a way to draw her daughter, Ava, into the spinoff and pull Nikolas along for the ride. Novak/Ryan/Jerome/Cassadine war, anyone? PCPD Blue Above: Break out those (police regulation) firearms, folks, because this spinoff’s gonna get real. Credit: Jill Johnson/JPI We’d ask if a place like Port Charles has enough crime to maintain an entire PCPD spinoff, but in an upstate New York town with an entire ecosystem of rival mobsters, we somehow feel like they’ll manage. Of course, the PCPD won’t really be able to get into the Mafia stuff. We all know they’re above the law… except for the occasional “bad” mobsters. The point is, the characters of this show will need crimes to solve that are beyond the pale. They’ll have to be crimes committed by unrepentant bad guys. This is a show for the Cesar Faisons and Jerry Jacks of the world. Well, maybe they shouldn’t tackle supervillains of their caliber all the time, but those could be the types of Big Bads that the show could wrestle with for long-term arcs. The crimes that the PCPD would have to go about solving on a regular basis would be more along the lines of murder, domestic abuse, corporate raiders operating ponzi schemes and the like. Why not mix up all the Law & Orders and NCISes into one Port Charles sized pot of crime and punishment? It would be a darker show than General Hospital, and more along the lines of ABC’s classic sudser, The Edge of Night. (Maybe ABC could even sneak in some legacy characters from the defunct soap? Pretty please?) As far as anchor characters, the spinoff could have its pick. Jordan, Robert, Anna, Chase, Dante — Port Charles has no shortage of cops. Any (or all!) of them could lead a whole new cadre of officers, from beat cops to detectives and forensics experts. And of course they’d all be sleeping with each other. But here’s the real twist — they could even put away the bad guys for once! We know, it’s shocking. General Hospital: Nurse Shift Above: This one is all yours, ladies. Credit: Image: ABC Okay, we’ll workshop the name some more, but it seems like a no-brainer for the last spinoff to resurrect General Hospital’s much-missed primetime drama, General Hospital: Night Shift. This could be an opportunity to get a hospital drama back into daytime, while letting General Hospital remain as a hybrid of all ABC’s daytime dramas. Liz would be the natural anchor here, and naturally we’d need Epiphany as a main character too as we bring in new doctors and nurses for all kinds of gossipy drama and intrigue. We could even bring back Night Shift characters like Kyle and Leo Julian and Jagger’s now-grown son, Stone. Plus, there was a whole slew of interns on the original spinoff who could now be docs showing a new batch of wannabe physicians the ropes. And, dare we hope, maybe Robin could even stop in for appearances from time to time? And we’re pretty sure both the Novaks and the PCPD would need to make quite a few hospital trips, so this spinoff in particular seems rife for crossovers. The show wouldn’t all have to take place at the hospital, of course, but if there’s one thing we’ve learned from Grey’s Anatomy after 18 seasons, it’s that there’s always plenty of medical (and sexy) drama to go around! What do you think about our spinoff ideas? ABC could revitalize their daytime lineup by giving it a slew of shared-universe shows that could build off their most popular sudser, while pulling in elements of other hit shows. Or maybe you’ve got your own ideas for General Hospital spinoffs! Let us know below, then stop by the main show’s 2022 cast portrait gallery as you pick out the characters you want to see in their own spinoffs!

I found this article today: New General Hospital Spinoffs Could Be Just the Rx for ABC Daytime CURTIS HARDING SUNDAY, MARCH 13TH, 2022 Credit: Jill Johnson/JPI We’ve got just the ideas to revitalize the soap lineup. Back in January, when asked about a potential General Hospital spinoff, ABC bossman Craig Erwich teased that he’s “always open to additional iterations or explorations.” That idea alone was exciting enough, but it got us thinking. What if ABC used spinoffs as a way to revitalize it’s entire soap lineup? And what if they did it in a way to tie in and bring back some elements of their classic sudsers? That idea’s been percolating in our heads for a bit until we got to today. So brace yourself and read on for three potential General Hospital spinoffs that could expand ABC daytime in every direction imaginable. Five Families: The Novaks Above: It’s time we learned how Joey Novak and Ryan’s Hope‘s Joe Novak are really related. Credit: ABC screenshot Our first idea could be both a spinoff and a reboot. A re-off? Spinboot? We all know Sonny isn’t the only mobster in Port Charles, and the Corinthos family is just one of many (five, to be exact). So why not have a spinoff following another of the Five Families: The Five Points Gang! Now, we don’t know that General Hospital has ever explicitly tied the Five Points’ Novak family to the Ryan’s Hope Novaks. But when Port Charles has a mobster named “Joey Novak” and Manhattan had a mobster named “Joe Novak,” we think it’s a safe bet there’s a strong link there. This spinoff, though, could be more like a Godfather epic than General Hospital and have a split storyline between the past and the present. It could explore how the Novaks came to spread out from New York to Port Charles and become one of the top families. And the best part is that it could have loads of ties and characters from Ryan’s Hope, both in the past and present. Bring back old characters to clash with the Five Points family and establish new connections. Delia Ryan, for instance, once lost her business to the original Joe Novak. Maybe she still holds a grudge that she wants to set straight now that she has her own mob ties in the family. It could be a way to draw her daughter, Ava, into the spinoff and pull Nikolas along for the ride. Novak/Ryan/Jerome/Cassadine war, anyone? PCPD Blue Above: Break out those (police regulation) firearms, folks, because this spinoff’s gonna get real. Credit: Jill Johnson/JPI We’d ask if a place like Port Charles has enough crime to maintain an entire PCPD spinoff, but in an upstate New York town with an entire ecosystem of rival mobsters, we somehow feel like they’ll manage. Of course, the PCPD won’t really be able to get into the Mafia stuff. We all know they’re above the law… except for the occasional “bad” mobsters. The point is, the characters of this show will need crimes to solve that are beyond the pale. They’ll have to be crimes committed by unrepentant bad guys. This is a show for the Cesar Faisons and Jerry Jacks of the world. Well, maybe they shouldn’t tackle supervillains of their caliber all the time, but those could be the types of Big Bads that the show could wrestle with for long-term arcs. The crimes that the PCPD would have to go about solving on a regular basis would be more along the lines of murder, domestic abuse, corporate raiders operating ponzi schemes and the like. Why not mix up all the Law & Orders and NCISes into one Port Charles sized pot of crime and punishment? It would be a darker show than General Hospital, and more along the lines of ABC’s classic sudser, The Edge of Night. (Maybe ABC could even sneak in some legacy characters from the defunct soap? Pretty please?) As far as anchor characters, the spinoff could have its pick. Jordan, Robert, Anna, Chase, Dante — Port Charles has no shortage of cops. Any (or all!) of them could lead a whole new cadre of officers, from beat cops to detectives and forensics experts. And of course they’d all be sleeping with each other. But here’s the real twist — they could even put away the bad guys for once! We know, it’s shocking. General Hospital: Nurse Shift Above: This one is all yours, ladies. Credit: Image: ABC Okay, we’ll workshop the name some more, but it seems like a no-brainer for the last spinoff to resurrect General Hospital’s much-missed primetime drama, General Hospital: Night Shift. This could be an opportunity to get a hospital drama back into daytime, while letting General Hospital remain as a hybrid of all ABC’s daytime dramas. Liz would be the natural anchor here, and naturally we’d need Epiphany as a main character too as we bring in new doctors and nurses for all kinds of gossipy drama and intrigue. We could even bring back Night Shift characters like Kyle and Leo Julian and Jagger’s now-grown son, Stone. Plus, there was a whole slew of interns on the original spinoff who could now be docs showing a new batch of wannabe physicians the ropes. And, dare we hope, maybe Robin could even stop in for appearances from time to time? And we’re pretty sure both the Novaks and the PCPD would need to make quite a few hospital trips, so this spinoff in particular seems rife for crossovers. The show wouldn’t all have to take place at the hospital, of course, but if there’s one thing we’ve learned from Grey’s Anatomy after 18 seasons, it’s that there’s always plenty of medical (and sexy) drama to go around! What do you think about our spinoff ideas? ABC could revitalize their daytime lineup by giving it a slew of shared-universe shows that could build off their most popular sudser, while pulling in elements of other hit shows. Or maybe you’ve got your own ideas for General Hospital spinoffs! Let us know below, then stop by the main show’s 2022 cast portrait gallery as you pick out the characters you want to see in their own spinoffs!

I wonder if it was the networks having the writers turning in ninety-minute scripts or if it was the show's sponsor, Procter and Gamble.